@Article{MoroXDRBSSCPCLYWS:2021:ReReCo,
               author = "Moro, Juliano and Xu, J. and Denardini, Clezio Marcos and Resende, 
                         Laysa Cristina Ara{\'u}jo and Barbosa Neto, Paulo Fran{\c{c}}a 
                         and Silva, Ligia Alves da and Silva, R{\'e}gia Pereira da and 
                         Chen, Sony Su and Pican{\c{c}}o, Giorgio Arlan da Silva and 
                         Carmo, Carolina de Sousa do and Liu, Zehngkuan and Yan, Chunxiao 
                         and Wang, Chi and Schuch, Nelson Jorge",
          affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {State Key 
                         Laboratory of Space Weathe} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas 
                         Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 
                         (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and 
                         {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de 
                         Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas 
                         Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 
                         (INPE)} and {State Key Laboratory of Space Weather} and {State Key 
                         Laboratory of Space Weather} and {State Key Laboratory of Space 
                         Weathe} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)}",
                title = "First Look at a Geomagnetic Storm With Santa Maria Digisonde Data: 
                         F Region Responses and Comparisons Over the American Sector",
              journal = "Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics",
                 year = "2021",
               volume = "126",
               number = "1",
                pages = "e2020JA028663",
                month = "Jan.",
             abstract = "Santa Maria Digisonde data are used for the first time to 
                         investigate the F region behavior during a geomagnetic storm. The 
                         August 25, 2018 storm is considered complex due to the incidence 
                         of two Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections and a High-Speed 
                         Solar Wind Stream (HSS). The F 2 layer critical frequency (f o F 
                         2) and its peak height (h m F 2) collected over Santa Maria, near 
                         the center of the South American Magnetic Anomaly (SAMA), are 
                         compared with data collected from Digisondes installed in the 
                         Northern (NH) and Southern (SH) Hemispheres in the American 
                         sector. The deviation of f o F 2 (Df o F 2) and h m F 2 (Dh m F 2) 
                         are used to quantify the ionospheric storm effects. Different F 
                         region responses were observed during the main phase (August 
                         2526), which is attributed to the traveling ionospheric 
                         disturbances and disturbed eastward electric field during 
                         nighttime. The F region responses became highly asymmetric between 
                         the NH and SH at the early recovery phase (RP, August 26) due to a 
                         combination of physical mechanisms. The observed asymmetries are 
                         interpreted as caused by modifications in the thermospheric 
                         composition and a rapid electrodynamic mechanism. The persistent 
                         enhanced thermospheric [O]/[N2] ratio observed from August 27 to 
                         29 combined with the increased solar wind speed induced by the HSS 
                         and IMF B z fluctuations seem to be effective in causing the 
                         positive ionospheric storm effects and the shift of the Equatorial 
                         Ionization Anomaly crest to higher than typical latitudes. 
                         Consequently, the most dramatic positive ionospheric storm during 
                         the RP occurred over Santa Maria (\∼120%).",
                  doi = "10.1029/2020JA028663",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2020JA028663",
                 issn = "2169-9402",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "moro_first.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "09 maio 2024"
}